Which developmental disability is caused by damage to the cerebrum?

Cerebral palsy is indeed caused by damage to the cerebrum, which is the largest part of the brain responsible for voluntary motor function as well as coordination and balance. This condition typically arises from brain injury or abnormal brain development, often occurring before, during, or shortly after birth. The extent and location of the damage in the cerebrum influence the severity and nature of the motor impairments, leading to a range of physical disabilities.

Other developmental disabilities mentioned in the options stem from different causes. For instance, Down syndrome is a genetic disorder resulting from an extra chromosome, and autism spectrum disorder involves a variety of neurodevelopmental issues, with no direct connection to damage in the cerebrum itself. Similarly, intellectual disability can have multiple origins, including genetic factors or environmental influences, but is not specifically linked to cerebrum damage like cerebral palsy is. Thus, the precise relationship between the damage to the cerebrum and the characteristics of cerebral palsy clearly establishes it as the correct answer.